Indicator 16.1.4 Proportion of population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live after dark

Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Target 16.1: Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere

16.1.4. Proportion of the population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live at night

November 2021

Indicators under target 1 6.1, 16.1.2,16.1.3, 16.3.1

Uganda Bureau of Statistics

Uganda Bureau of Statistics

Junda Nuwamanya

Demography and Social Statistics

Senior Statistician Crime Statistics

256 782 602544

P.O Box 7186, Kampala

junda.nuwamanya@ubos.org

Definition:

This indicator refers to the proportion of the adult population who feel safe walking alone in their neighborhood /area at night.

Concepts:

The question measures the feeling of fear of crime in a context outside the house and refers to the immediate experience of this fear by the respondent by limiting the area in question to the “neighborhood” or “your area” (various formulations depending on cultural, physical and language context may apply). The survey collected basic information on all household members and detailed information on formal education, health and the work environment for adults household members aged 18 years and above.

Percent

None

National Governance Peace and Security Survey (NGPSS) 2017

The NGPSS 2017 underwent several stages of implementation which included: survey organization, stakeholder consultative meetings where user needs were identified, sample selection, questionnaire and application development, pretesting and finalization of questionnaires, recruitment and training of field staff, field data collection and capture, data processing, management, cleaning and analysis; report writing and production. At each stage, the survey conformed to international best practices in survey implementation.

Sample Design:

The sample was designed to allow generation of separate estimates at the national level, residence and for the 5 statistical regions of Uganda. A three stage cluster sampling design was employed to select a representative sample at household level. At the first stage, EAs were grouped by districts of similar socio-economic characteristics and by rural-urban location. The EAs were then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size. At the second stage, households which are the ultimate sampling units were drawn using Systematic Random Sampling. A total of 300 Enumeration Areas were selected from the 2014 National Population and Housing Census (NPHC) list which constituted the Sampling Frame. At the third stage respondents from the house hold were selected using a Kish grid.

Questionnaire:

Four questionnaires were used in the 2016 UDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, the Man’s Questionnaire, and the Biomarker Questionnaire. The questionnaires, based on the DHS Program’s model questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Uganda. In addition, information on the survey fieldworkers was collected through a self-administered Fieldworker Questionnaire.

Training and field work:

A team of field supervisors and interviewers were recruited and trained for the main survey. The training lasted ten days and the main approach of training comprised of classroom instructions on interviewing techniques, field procedures, a detailed review of the data collection tool, tests and practice using hand-held Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) devices. The training also included classroom mock interviews and field practice in selected EAs outside of the main sample. Team supervisors were further trained in data quality control procedures and coordination of fieldwork activities.

Data collection:

The interview method of data collection was employed, where interviewers asked the selected respondent in the household to provide the applicable response. During data collection, the interviewers asked respondents the question about their safety as follows;

How safe do you feel in the following situations?

A. Walking alone in your area during daytime

B. Walking alone in your area at night

C. Being alone at home during daytime

D. Being alone at home at night

E. Waiting for or in public transport (in your area)

F. At your workplace, e.g. fields, market, job, etc.

G. In public places, e.g., shopping Centre, church

The responses were;

1 = Not at all safe

2 = A little safe

3 = Fairly safe

4 = Completely safe

5 = N/A.

software was developed jointly by the U.S. Census Bureau, Serpro S.A. and The DHS Program.

Every 5 years

2023

Uganda Bureau of Statistics.

Uganda Bureau of Statistics

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) Act, 1998 provides for the development and maintenance of a National Statistical System (NSS) to ensure collection, analysis and publication of integrated, relevant, reliable and timely statistical information. It established the Bureau as the coordinating, monitoring and supervisory body for the National Statistical System.

The concept of ‘fear of crime’ has been used in dozens of crime and violence related surveys and the standard formulation used here has been seen as effective in different contexts. It is important to understand that ‘fear of crime’ is a phenomenon that is separate from the prevalence of crime and that may be even largely independent from actual experience, as the perception of crime and the resulting fear of it is mediated by a number of factors, such as the awareness of crime, the public discussion and the media and personal circumstances. Nevertheless, the ‘fear of crime’ is an important indicator in itself as a high level of fear can negatively influence well-being and lead to reduced contacts with the public, reduced trust and activities and thus an obstacle to development.

The way the question was asked needed more probing in a qualitative module given the subjectivity of the question. However, this was not covered by the survey.

The question used for data collection was:

How safe do you feel in the following situations?

A. Walking alone in your area during daytime

B. Walking alone in your area at night

C. Being alone at home during daytime

D. Being alone at home at night

E. Waiting for or in public transport (in your area)

F. At your workplace, e.g. fields, market, job, etc.

G. In public places, e.g. shopping Centre, church

The responses were;

1=Not at all safe

2=A little safe

3=Fairly safe

4=Completely safe

5=N/A.

Hence the proportion of respondents who recorded 3 or 4 for question B above were aggregated out of the entire population 18 years and above. The proportion of the population that feel safe at night was calculated by summing up the number of respondents who felt “Fairly safe” and “Completely safe” and divided by the total number of respondents for the survey.

A validation technical working meeting was held for selected stakeholders before the dissemination of the NGPSS 2017 Report

The Paria Group developed a Governance Handbook to guide all countries in the development of Governance Statistics at national level

To ensure quality management of the survey results; the survey implementation underwent a series of checks by the UBOS management.

The survey implementation was over seen by a Core team consisting of Senior staff from both UBOS and Makerere University School of Statistics and Planning right from the inception to its dissemination.

The survey report was reviewed by UBOS management who are Directors

The NGPSS 2017 implementation covered these aspects to address quality assurance at the different stages;

1. Consultative assessment meetings are held with all key stakeholders.
2. The survey and sampling design generated using scientific methods as recommended by the Census and Survey Rules and Regulations.
3. The questionnaire development follows a multi-stakeholder approach and pretesting helps to establish the relevancy and adequacy of the questions to be used.
4. Senior Supervision is conducted during data collection to ensure that quality data is collected.
5. Data editing, cleaning and coding is undertaken before analysis and report writing

Before dissemination, the report is reviewed and quality assured by the Department of Outreach and Quality Assurance at the Uganda Bureau of Statistics.

National, Sex, Region and Residence

None

The National Governance Peace and Security Survey Report 2017 by UBOS www.ubospublications.org.ug